Copper laser welding technology: dual-wavelength composite welding technology route

June 14, 2024

Dual-wavelength laser


01 Red-blue composite laser welding


Although copper has a high absorption rate for blue light, blue light welding has the advantages of low spatter, high stability, and high quality;

 

however, due to the development of industrial technology, the power and beam quality of blue light semiconductor lasers are currently difficult

 

to compare with fiber lasers. Considering the beam quality while increasing the output power is the main bottleneck restricting blue light

 

semiconductor lasers. Therefore, blue light cannot currently achieve deep melting welding with a high aspect ratio, and there are still difficulties

 

in welding copper materials with larger thicknesses. The development of higher power and higher beam quality blue light semiconductor lasers

 

requires high costs, and compared with infrared lasers, the economic benefits are not superior.

 

Therefore, the current hybrid laser welding technology based on infrared-blue light dual beams has obvious advantages: blue light laser uses

 

copper's high absorption rate to heat and melt the surface metal quickly. On this basis, the infrared laser uses its high energy density to

 

achieve stable deep melting welding. Blue light laser preheating not only improves the infrared absorption rate but also the large spot of blue

 

light laser can expand the keyhole, delay the solidification of the molten pool, and achieve high-quality welding effects with low spatter and low

 

porosity.

 

Advantages

 

By combining high-absorption blue light laser + high-power density infrared laser, spatter-free or low-splash welding effects of copper materials

 

of different thicknesses can be achieved, with the characteristics of fast welding speed, uniform and beautiful welding formation, less spatter

 

and porosity defects, and good process repeatability.

 

Compared with green light laser, blue light laser + infrared laser composite has a better spatter suppression effect and a higher cost

 

performance.

 

Blue light + infrared composite laser combined with infrared swing welding makes the combination of two laser heat sources with different

 

wavelengths have a larger process window and room for development and have very obvious advantages in welding spatter, porosity, etc. In

 

addition, the blue light + infrared composite laser light source can flexibly distribute the energy of the heat source in the fields of welding of

 

dissimilar materials, welding of materials of different thicknesses, welding of heat-sensitive materials, etc., and has certain advantages.